M1 The Christian Reconquest of Spain Christian territories in the 10th century Atlantic Ocean Conquests in the 11th century Santiago de Compostela Conquests in the 12th century Conquests in the 13th century Kingdom Léon of Léon Burgos Coimbra Kingdom of Navarra Pamplona Salamanca Kingdom of Castille Kingdom Lisbon of Portugal Kingdom of Aragon Saragossa Lérida (from the 12th century) Tortosa Barcelona Toledo Valencia Seville C rdoba Las Navas 1212 de Tolosa Granada Balearic Islands Murcia Emirate of Granada Tangier Mediterranean Sea Between the 8th and 10th centuries Spain and Portugal had been invaded by the Muslims who had occupied most of the Iberian Peninsula. The Islamic State was called Caliphate of C rdoba. Christians and Muslims coexisted thanks to the flourishing trades and the cultural exchanges which enriched both populations. From the beginning of the 12th century some Christian kingdoms were strengthened and aimed at reconquering the territories that had been put under Islamic rule in the North of Spain. They wanted it to be a national and religious reconquest. This historical period, which lasted many centuries and had different features, was later called the Reconquista. The Christian Church gave its blessing to the endeavour because it wanted to bring the Iberian Peninsula back to the Christendom. In 1212 the armies of Navarre, Portugal, Castile, Le n and Aragon clashed and defeated the Moors (this was the name the Muslims were given in Spain). The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa founded the Kingdom of Spain. Only the small Kingdom of Granada remained in the hands of the Muslims, the so-called infidels . ACTIVITY 4.E Read the text The Christian Reconquest of Spain, look at the map and complete the chart below. Insert the Spanish and Portoguese cities that were reconquered in each of the indicated centuries. 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century ACTIVITY 5 General revision 1. Why can the feudal system be defined as a hierarchical society? 2. What changes came about in France with the rise of the West Frankish Kingdom? 3. Who was King John and why was he obliged to seal the document called Magna Charta Libertatum? 4. Explain the difference between the House of Lords and the House of Commons. 5. Describe the evolution of the Reconquista on the Iberian Peninsula. 576 77636R_0000E01_INTE_BAS@0576.pgs 15.09.2021 15:01